Ukuqwalasela iimpawu zolungiselelo lwangoku kunye neemfuno zothutho zebaphose oomatshini befilimu, ukhetho phakathi kothutho elwandle kunye nothutho lukaloliwe kufuneka luvavanye ngokupheleleyo ezi zinto zilandelayo zibalulekileyo:
I. Uhlalutyo lweSisombululo soThutho loLwandle...
UkuSebenza kweendleko...
Iindleko zeyunithi yothutho elwandle zisezantsi kakhulu kunezothutho lomoya, ngakumbi zilungele izixhobo ezinkulu ezinomthamo omkhulu ezifanabaphose oomatshini befilimu. Idatha yereferensi ibonisa izinga lesiseko se-40-foot containers kwiindlela ezikuMbindi Mpuma malunga ne-6,000 - 7,150 (post-Januwari 2025 ukulungiswa).
Kwizixhobo ezichithwayo, ngaphantsi kwe-Container Load (LCL) yokuthumela inqanawa inokunciphisa ngakumbi iindleko, ukonga malunga ne-60% xa kuthelekiswa nokuthuthwa kwesitya esipheleleyo.
Iimeko eziSebenzayo...
Ifanelekile xa iindawo ekufikelwa kuzo zikufuphi namazibuko amakhulu akuMbindi Mpuma (umzekelo, iJebel Ali Port eDubai, iSalalah Port eOman), ivumela izibuko elithe ngqo.
Kufanelekile apho amaxesha okukhokela aguquguqukayo (uhambo lulonke ~ 35-45 iintsuku) kungekho mfuneko yokuqaliswa kwemveliso engxamisekileyo.
Iingcebiso zoMngcipheko...
Iinqanawa zolwandle oluBomvu zichatshazelwa lungquzulwano lwengingqi, abanye abathwali abajikela kwiCape of Good Hope, bandise uhambo ngeentsuku ezili-15-20.
Abathwali baphumeza ngokubanzi i-Peak Season Surcharges (PSS) ekuqaleni kuka-2025-ukubhukishwa kwe-advance slot kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukuguquguquka komlinganiselo.
II. Uhlalutyo lweSisombululo sezoThutho lukaloliwe...
Ixesha Eliphumelelayo Inzuzo...
Iindlela ze-China-Europe Railway Express ezinabela kuMbindi Mpuma (umzekelo, i-Iran-Turkey indlela) zibonelela ngamaxesha okuhamba ~eentsuku ezingama-21-28, i-40% ngokukhawuleza kunothutho lwaselwandle.
Amazinga okugcina ixesha afikelela kwi-99%, kunye neempembelelo ezincinci ezivela kwiziphazamiso zendalo.
Iindleko kunye noCwangciso lweSiko...
Iindleko zothutho lukaloliwe ziwela phakathi kwezithuthi zolwandle nezomoya, kodwa inkxaso-mali ye-China-Europe Railway Express inokunciphisa iindleko zizonke nge-8%.
Inkqubo ye-TIR (i-Transports Internationaux Routiers) yenza "ukukhutshwa kwesithethe esisodwa," ukuphepha ukulibaziseka kokuhlolwa kwemida emininzi (umzekelo, ngeKazakhstan ukuya e-Iran).
Ukulinganiselwa...
Ukhuselo lukhawulelwe kwiindawo ezithile zoMbindi Mpuma (umz., Tehran, Istanbul), ezifuna uthutho lwendlela yeemayile zokugqibela.
Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla ngokuqhelekileyo kufuna isikhongozeli esigcweleyo okanye ulungiselelo oluzinikeleyo lukaloliwe, ukunciphisa ubhetyebhetye kwiibhetshi ezincinci.
III. Iingcebiso zezigqibo (Ngokusekwe kwiiNgcaciso zeZixhobo)...
| Uqwalaselo Dimension | Beka phambili uThutho lwaseLwandle | Ukubeka phambili uThutho lukaLoliwe |
| Ixesha lokukhokhela | ≥Umjikelo weentsuku ezingama-45 wamkelekile | ≤Ientsuku ezingama-25 zokufika ziyafuneka |
| Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lweendleko | Uxinzelelo lweendleko ezigqithisileyo (<$6,000/container) | Iprimiyamu ephakathi eyamkelekileyo (~$7,000–9,000/isikhongozeli) |
| Indawo ekuyiwa kuyo | Amazibuko akufuphi (umzekelo, eDubai, eDoha) | Iindawo ezingaphakathi elizweni (umz., Tehran, Ankara) |
| Iimpawu zeCargo | Izixhobo ezingadityaniswanga kakhulu | Izixhobo eziqhelekileyo eziqhaqhayo |
IV. IziCwangciso zokuSebenza...
UThutho oluDityanisiweyo: Hlukanisa izixhobo ezinkulu; izinto ezingundoqo zenqanawa ngololiwe ukuqinisekisa amaxesha emveliso, ngelixa iindawo ezincedisayo zihamba elwandle ukucutha iindleko.
Iinkuthazo zoMgaqo-nkqubo: Sebenzisa ukukhutshwa kwezithethe kwiidolophu ezingundoqo ezifana neChongqing ukufaka isicelo senkxaso-mali ye-China-Europe Railway Express (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-8%).
Umngcipheko: Ukutyikitya izivumelwano "zendlela kaloliwe yolwandle" ukuba zitshintshele ngokuzenzekelayo kwiindlela zikaloliwe zase China-Europe ukuba iintlekele zoLwandle oluBomvu ziya zisanda.
Khetha impahla yolwandlebaphose oomatshini befilimuemiselwe izixeko zezibuko zelizwe laseGulf ezinamaxesha aguquguqukayo. Khetha i-China-Europe Railway Express yothutho lukaloliwe kwiindawo ezingaphakathi kuMbindi Mpuma (umzekelo, i-Iran) okanye ukuqaliswa kwemveliso ekhawulezileyo, ukukhutshwa kwe-TIR kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yenkxaso-mali ukuze kunyuswe iindleko.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-23-2025